(23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (17) MPS can cause restrictions in normal biomechanical joint function, impairment of neurological function, and impairment of circulation and lymphatic flow. Furthermore, while trigger points begin as peripheral pain generators, prolonged irritation may lead to central sensitization.
(13) This promotes tissue transformation, i.e., adhesions, which can impair normal muscle function and healthy neurodynamics. The process generates a cytotoxic acidic environment filled with multiple biochemical inflammatory mediators that sensitize peripheral nociceptors, eliciting pain.Ī sustained altered mechanometabolic environment leads to a more viscous extracellular matrix with increased fibroblastic activity. Calcium build-up propagates sustained local muscle contraction, i.e., palpable taut bands. The resultant depletion of energy (ATP) inhibits the normal calcium pump. (6-14,125) Repetitive activity causes muscle overload, which leads to local capillary constriction, ischemia, and hypoxia. While myofascial pain syndrome’s exact pathophysiology remains uncertain, many experts endorse the following energy crisis hypothesis. (See this video from Stecco for a fascinating visual tutorial on fascia.) Causes
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